page updated: 06 dec 2021
Literal meaning
Necessity/Constraint/Need
Sound
“N” as in “need”
Interpretation
Need, constraint, friction, “no pain, no gain”, hard work, understanding ørlǫg, self-reliance, “need can bring healing”, untying knots, acceptance, transformation of perception, scarcity, patience, restriction, period of learning and opportunity,
Murkstave
Some sources say there is no myrkr/reverse interpretations for nauthiz/naudiz. Some disagree. Following are possible myrkr interpretations.
Toil, distress, guilt, ignoring personal needs, worry, laziness, suffering, inability to act, compulsion, obsession, bitterness, worry, despair, too much focus on material world, unexpected limitations
sceadugenga 
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